Is the note for 'Private IPv4 Addressing' free to read?

Yes, NotesMedia provides free access to 'Private IPv4 Addressing' notes for BCA / B.Tech preparation online.

Does this cover the syllabus for Computer Network & Communication Notes in English?

Yes, this chapter covers key concepts of 'Private IPv4 Addressing' under the Computer Network & Communication Notes in English syllabus for BCA / B.Tech.

How long does it take to read 'Private IPv4 Addressing'?

This note is approximately a 20-minute read.

Private IPv4 Addressing - (BCA / B.Tech)

Private IPv4 Addressing in Hindi | Internet Protocol (IP) Addressing in Hindi:

Private IPv4 Addressing is an important part of Internet Protocol (IP) addressing, which is specifically used for communication between devices within a private network.
These addresses are not used directly on the Internet and have to rely on technologies like Network Address Translation (NAT) to connect to the public Internet.
Private IPv4 Addressing is used in large networks, such as homes, offices, and organizations, to control the consumption of IP addresses and increase security.
Private IPv4 Addressing is an essential part of networking, especially for internal communication and security in small and large networks.
Through this, devices can be connected to each other without being directly connected to the Internet, and a connection can also be made to the public Internet through NAT. Private IP addressing is a partial solution to the problem of the IPv4 address space and ensures that networking resources are used effectively.

What is Private IPv4 Addressing?

In IPv4, the IP address space is 32-bit, which provides approximately 4.3 billion unique IP addresses. However, due to the rapidly growing use of the Internet, the IPv4 address space was gradually depleting. To solve this problem, a set of private IP addressing was allocated,
which can be used in any private network. These addresses are not valid on the global (public) network and cannot be used directly on the Internet.

Under RFC 1918 (Request for Comments), three private IP address blocks have been specified, which are as follows:

Class A: 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255

Class B: 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255

Class C: 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

These private address blocks are used in homes, small businesses, large organizations, or other types of local networks that do not have a direct connection to the Internet.

Categories of Private IPv4 Addressing:

1. Class A Private IP Addressing

IP range: 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
General use: In large networks
Number of hosts: 16,777,214 hosts

Class A private addresses are used in large organizations or large networks, which have thousands of devices. Under this range, addresses from 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 are available. These are designed to support a large number of hosts in the network. For example, large multinational companies or government organizations can use the Class A IP range.

2. Class B Private IP Addressing

IP range: 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
General use: In medium-sized networks
Number of hosts: 1,048,576 hosts

Class B private IP addresses are used in medium-sized networks, such as large colleges, campus networks, or government offices. It has addresses from 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255. A Class B network provides a sufficient number of addresses for large organizational setups, but it is smaller than Class A.

3. Class C Private IP Addressing

IP range: 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
General use: In small networks, homes, and small offices
Number of hosts: 65,536 hosts

Class C private IP addresses are used in small networks such as homes, small businesses, or small offices. It includes addresses from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255. This range is the most common and is used by default in home routers. For example, the IP address of most home networks is 192.168.x.x.

Use of Private IPv4 Addressing

Private IP addresses are not directly valid on the Internet. This means that these addresses cannot be accessed through the Internet. When a device uses a private IP address and wants to connect to a server on the Internet, Network Address Translation (NAT) is used, which converts the private IP into a public IP. This process is usually done by a router.

Main examples of the use of Private IP Addressing:

Home networks: Most Wi-Fi routers used in homes use private IP addressing, such as 192.168.x.x. All devices in the home (laptops, smartphones, tablets, etc.) are connected to each other in this private network.

Office networks: Private IP addressing is used in small and large offices so that internal communication can take place between devices. This also increases security, as these addresses are not directly available on the Internet.

LAN (Local Area Network): Private IP addressing is used in any local area network. For example, all computers within an organization come in the same private IP range so that data can be transferred internally.

Server networks: Large companies connect their internal servers with private IP addressing, so that security is increased by not connecting directly to the outside world.

Advantages of Private IPv4 Addressing in Hindi | Advantages of Private IPv4 Addressing:

Security: Private IP addresses are not directly available on the Internet, which increases the security of the network. This helps to keep the network safe from external attacks.

Saving of IP addresses: Since private IP addresses are not used publicly, this saves the public address space of IPv4. A large number of devices can be limited to the private address space, which reduces the consumption of IPv4 addresses.

Ideal for local networks: Private IP addressing is ideal for internal communication in small and large networks, as it is capable of connecting devices to each other without using the public Internet.

Works with NAT: With NAT (Network Address Translation) technology, private IP addressing can also be used for connectivity from the Internet. NAT converts a private IP into a public IP and thus the device can send and receive data on the Internet.

Disadvantages of Private IPv4 Addressing in Hindi | Disadvantages of Private IPv4 Addressing:

Not for direct use on the Internet: The biggest disadvantage of private IP addressing is that it cannot work directly on the Internet. Technologies like NAT or proxy servers are needed to convert them into public IPs.

Limitation: Due to NAT and private IP addressing, a single public IP address is shared by multiple devices, which can sometimes increase the load on the network and affect performance.

Depletion of IPv4 Addressing: Although private IP addressing helps to solve the problem of the IPv4 address space, IPv4 addressing is still limited. This is the reason why IPv6 was developed, which provides a much larger address space.

Private IPv4 Addressing and NAT:

Using Private IPv4 addressing with NAT is a common practice in networking. NAT is used when a device connects to the Internet using a private IP address. A router or gateway converts a private IP into a public IP through NAT so that data transmission can take place on the Internet. There are several types of NAT, such as:

Static NAT: A private IP is linked to a fixed public IP.
Dynamic NAT: It uses a pool of public IP addresses and converts a private IP into a public IP as needed.
PAT (Port Address Translation): It connects different devices to the Internet using a single public IP, using a different port number for each device.

Private IPv4 Addressing

Private IPv4 Addressing in Hindi | Internet Protocol (IP) Addressing in Hindi:

In this Chapter