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Wireless TCP/IP - (BCA / B.Tech)

Wireless TCP IP in Hindi | What is Wireless TCP

Wireless TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) refers to the technology that uses the TCP protocol for data transmission in wireless networks. TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that ensures the reliability of data transmission.
However, when TCP is implemented in a wireless network, some specific challenges arise because the characteristics of wireless networks, such as high packet loss, variable bandwidth, and unstable connectivity, do not align with the way TCP works.
As a result, some technical improvements and approaches are needed to adapt TCP to wireless networks.

With the growing popularity and use of wireless networks, solving the challenges faced by TCP has become very important. There are many problems in wireless TCP, such as packet loss, handoff delay, and unstable bandwidth, but many solutions are available to deal with them,
such as split TCP, link-layer retransmission, and proxy-based solutions. These improvements make TCP's performance suitable for wireless networks and make data transmission reliable and efficient.

The development and adaptation of wireless TCP is an important step for future mobile and wireless technologies, where fast and reliable network connectivity is needed.

Need of Wireless TCP in Hindi | Need for Wireless TCP:

Wireless networks such as Wi-Fi, 4G, 5G, and satellite networks are used everywhere nowadays. These networks are important for mobile computing, IoT, smartphones, and other wireless devices. But the characteristics of these networks present several challenges for TCP:

Packet Loss: The probability of packet loss is higher in wireless networks because radio signals can be weakened by physical obstacles, interference, and limited coverage.
Latency: Communication between devices in a wireless network can take more time, which has a negative impact on TCP performance.
Bandwidth Fluctuations: Bandwidth in wireless networks is not stable and this situation depends on network load, distance, and environmental factors.
Handoff: In a mobile network, when a device moves from one base station to another, the TCP connection can be disrupted.
The purpose of wireless TCP is to solve these problems and maintain network reliability.

Traditional behavior of TCP in Hindi | Traditional behavior of TCP:

TCP was traditionally designed for wired networks, where network connections are stable and packet loss is mainly due to network congestion. The primary purpose of TCP is as follows:

Congestion Control: TCP controls the speed of packet transmission to avoid congestion in the network.
Reliable Data Transmission: TCP ensures that all transmitted packets arrive in the correct order. If a packet is lost, TCP retransmits it.
Flow Control: It ensures that the sending device sends only the amount of data that the receiver can handle.
Congestion control is an important component for TCP, which assumes that if a packet is lost, it is due to network congestion. Because of this, TCP reduces the speed of data transfer so that congestion can be reduced. But in wireless networks, packet loss is often not due to congestion, but due to poor network quality or signal interference. In this situation, the traditional way of working of TCP can degrade network performance.

Objectives of Wireless TCP in Hindi | Main challenges of wireless TCP:

1. Incorrect analysis of packet loss: TCP sees packet loss in a wired network as network congestion, but in a wireless network, packet loss is often due to signal fading, interference, or other environmental reasons. If TCP considers this loss as congestion, it unnecessarily reduces the transmission speed, so that the capacity of the network is not fully utilized.

2. Handoff Delay: In a mobile network, when a device hands off from one base station to another, it can have a negative impact on the TCP connection. There can be an interruption in data transmission during the handoff, and TCP sees this as packet loss. As a result, TCP's congestion control mechanism slows down the transmission speed.

3. Latency and unstable bandwidth: The irregularity of latency in a wireless network affects TCP performance. If the latency is high, there are changes in TCP's window size, which affects the speed of data transfer. In addition, there are sudden fluctuations in bandwidth in a wireless network, due to which TCP cannot adapt the transmission speed.

Wireless TCP Solutions in Hindi | Solutions for wireless TCP:

Several solutions have been proposed to deal with these issues of TCP. The purpose of these solutions is to adapt TCP according to the characteristics of the wireless network.

1. Split TCP: Split TCP is a method in which the TCP connection is divided into two parts - one part for the wired network and the other for the wireless network. An intermediate node is established between the wired and wireless networks, which maintains TCP's performance in the wired network and takes corrective measures to deal with packet loss and latency in the wireless network. This improves the overall performance of TCP.

2. Modified TCP Versions: Some modified versions of TCP have also been developed that are specially designed for wireless networks, such as:

TCP Westwood: This version tries to differentiate between packet loss and congestion in a wireless network. It estimates the bandwidth to adjust the transmission rate.
TCP Reno and TCP Vegas: These are variants of TCP that are designed to adjust the data transmission speed according to the network conditions, and try to avoid congestion.

3. Link Layer Retransmission: In a wireless network, link layer retransmission can be used to handle packet loss. This involves the process of retransmitting packets when they are lost at the data link layer (the second layer of the OSI model), so that TCP does not have to consider it as packet loss. In this way, TCP does not activate congestion control, and the transmission speed is not affected.

4. Proxy-Based Solutions: In a proxy-based solution, a proxy server is placed between the wireless and wired networks. This server manages the TCP connection and makes the necessary changes to better handle packet loss and congestion. This solution helps to solve the problem of handoff and packet loss.

5. Congestion-Aware Routing: In this solution, the location of congestion in the network is detected and an alternative route is used for data transmission. This helps to maintain the performance of the network and provides better throughput for wireless TCP.

Wireless TCP/IP

Wireless TCP IP in Hindi | What is Wireless TCP

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