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Basic Syntax of NS2 & NAM - (BCA / B.Tech)

Basic Syntax of NS2 & NAM in Hindi | Basic Syntax of NS2 (Network Simulator 2) and NAM (Network Animator) in Hindi:

NS2 (Network Simulator 2) and NAM (Network Animator) are very important tools for network simulation and animation. NS2 allows users to simulate various network protocols and topologies,
while NAM provides a graphical visualization of these simulations.

The basic syntax knowledge of NS2 and NAM is important in network simulation and animation. NS2 is based on the Tcl programming language, while NAM provides a graphical interface. Users can simulate various network protocols and activities using both these tools,
so that they can get a better understanding of the behavior of the network. The combination of NS2 and NAM makes the simulation more effective and clear, which is extremely helpful in both research and teaching.

In this answer, we will discuss in detail the basic syntax of NS2 and NAM and their use.

Basic Syntax of NS2:

The syntax of NS2 is based on the Tcl (Tool Command Language) programming language. While writing a script in NS2, it is necessary to pay attention to some important points:

1. Structure of a simple script

# Creation of simulation

set ns [new Simulator]

# Creation of nodes

set node1 [$ns node]

set node2 [$ns node]

# Creation of link

$ns connect $node1 $node2

# Setting events for simulation

$ns at 0.0 "$node1 sendPacket"

$ns at 5.0 "$node2 receivePacket"

# Starting the simulation

$ns run

2. Description of different elements:

Simulator: A new simulator is created through set ns [new Simulator]. It manages animation and various network events.

Nodes: Nodes are created using set node1 [$ns node] and set node2 [$ns node]. In NS2, nodes are the main components of the network.

Connections: A link is established between nodes using $ns connect $node1 $node2.

Events: Events are set using $ns at 0.0 "$node1 sendPacket", which includes various activities such as sending or receiving a packet.

Run Simulation: $ns run is used to start the simulation.

3. Use of packets and protocols:

# Packet creation

set packet [new Agent/UDP]

# Connecting the packet to nodes

$ns attach-agent $node1 $packet

$ns connect $packet $node2

Basic Syntax of NAM

NAM (Network Animator) provides a graphical interface with NS2. NAM is used to see a visual representation of network activities during a simulation.

Syntax of NAM in Hindi | Syntax for NAM:

The syntax for NAM is used in an NS2 script. An example is given below:

# Generating a trace file for NAM

set tracefile [open out.nam w]

$ns namtrace-all $tracefile

# Running NAM after the simulation

$ns nam $tracefile

Use of trace Files in Hindi | Use of a trace file:

To use a trace file in NAM, first it is opened and all events are traced.
The name of the trace file usually has a .nam extension.

Combination of NS2 and NAM

By using NS2 and NAM together, the user can see the network activities in real-time during the simulation. Within the NS2 script, proper tracing and management of events for NAM is done, which gives the user a detailed view.

Example script

# A simple script for NS2 and NAM