Message Passing in C++

Message passing is an important concept in Object-Oriented Programming (OOP). It is a process for establishing communication and exchanging information between objects. Through message passing, objects can talk to each other and complete necessary tasks. It can also be called a method of interaction between objects, where one object sends a "message" to another object to perform a task.

In OOP, each object has data and functions. When one object needs some information from another object or wants it to perform a task, it sends a "message" to that object. The message is a request that specifies which function to call and what parameters to pass.

Synchronous Message Passing: The sending object waits until the receiving object responds to the message.

Asynchronous Message Passing: The sending object immediately moves on to the next task after sending the message and does not wait for a reply.

Modularity, flexibility, encapsulation, natural communication, and support for parallel processing.

Complexity, latency (in synchronous passing), overhead, and potential compatibility issues.