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Types of Operating Systems - (BCA / B.Tech)

Types of Operating Systems:

Before understanding the types of Operating Systems, it is essential to know that an operating system is software that mediates between computer hardware and the user.

Different types of operating systems have been developed based on various needs and uses. From single-user systems to multi-user, real-time, and distributed systems, each operating system has its own features and areas of application. The main goal of all these is to help the user interact with the computer system smoothly and securely, whether for personal use, industrial use, or scientific research.

It efficiently manages computer resources so that users and programs can work smoothly. Different types of operating systems have been developed based on different purposes and uses. Let's understand their main types in detail:

1. Single-User and Single-Tasking Operating System:

In this type of operating system, only one user can work at a time, and they can perform only one task. Resource usage is limited, and it is used for simple tasks.

Example: DOS (Disk Operating System)

2. Single-User and Multitasking Operating System:

In this operating system, a single user can perform multiple tasks at the same time. This is the most common form of modern operating systems used on personal computers.

Examples: Microsoft Windows, macOS

3. Multi-User Operating System:

Multi-user operating systems are those in which more than one user can use the system's resources at the same time. Multiple users can connect to the same computer from different terminals.

Examples: Unix, Linux

4. Real-Time Operating System (RTOS):

Real-time operating systems are specially designed for tasks with strict time constraints. These systems are used in situations where processes must be completed within a specific time frame. Their response time is extremely fast.

Examples: VxWorks, QNX

5. Distributed Operating System:

In a distributed operating system, multiple computer systems are connected and work as a single system. This system allows for sharing resources using a computer network.

Examples: LOCUS, Plan 9

6. Embedded Operating System:

Embedded operating systems are for small, specially designed systems created to perform a specific task. These operating systems work with limited resources.

Examples: FreeRTOS, Embedded Linux

7. Mobile Operating System:

Mobile operating systems are specifically designed for mobile devices like smartphones and tablets. These operating systems are lightweight and optimized for touch-screen interfaces.

Examples: Android, iOS

8. Time-Sharing Operating System:

A time-sharing operating system allows multiple users to use the system's resources at the same time. The system divides CPU time among each user so they can work simultaneously.

Examples: Multics, Unix Time-Sharing System

Types of Operating Systems

Types of Operating Systems:

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