BCA / B.Tech 12 min read

Time-Sharing in Operating System

Time-Sharing in Operating System:


Time-sharing is a type of computer system in which computer resources are shared by multiple users at the same time. This technique is based on multitasking, where a computer's CPU divides its time among different users or processes. Each user feels as if they are the sole user of the system, while in reality, the system is sharing time among them.

Concept of Time-Sharing:

In a time-sharing system, the computer's CPU switches rapidly between users, making each user feel that the entire system is working just for them. The CPU provides each user with a specific time slot (Time Slice), and when one user's time is up, the CPU starts processing another user's task.

Key Components of Time-Sharing:

  • Multitasking: The computer processes multiple tasks simultaneously.
  • Time Slice: The fixed time given to each user or task to use the CPU.
  • Context Switching: The process of switching the CPU from one user or process to another.
  • Response Time: The system is designed so that all users receive a response with minimal delay.

Advantages of Time-Sharing:

  • Better Resource Utilization.
  • Multi-User Support.
  • Quick Response.
  • Data Sharing.
  • Cost-Effective.

Disadvantages of Time-Sharing:

  • High Processing Time: If there are too many users, processing time for each user can increase.
  • Complexity: Managing a time-sharing system can be complex.
  • Memory Requirements: More users require more memory.
  • Security Risks: Since many users use the same system, security risks can increase.
  • CPU Overload: Too many users or processes can overload the CPU.

Applications of Time-Sharing:

  • Multi-user systems like large servers and mainframe computers.
  • Financial Institutions.
  • Educational Institutions.
  • Web Servers.
  • Terminal-Based Systems.

In this Chapter

Time-Sharing in Operating System
Distributed System in Operating System
Real-Time System in Operating System
System Calls in Operating System
System Programs in Operating System
Structure of an Operating System
Layered Design of an Operating System Structure
UNIX in Operating System
Virtual Machine in Operating System
Kernel-Based Operating System
Process Concept in Operating System
Interacting Processes in Operating System
Threads in Operating System
Fundamentals of Scheduling in Operating System
Scheduling Criteria in Operating System
Long, Medium, and Short-Term Scheduling
Scheduling Algorithms in Operating System
Structure of a Concurrent System
Critical Region in Operating System
Critical Section in Operating System
Inter-process Communication (IPC) in Operating System
Monitors in Operating System
Semaphores in Operating System
Semaphore Implementation & Uses in Operating System
Logical and Physical Address in Operating System
Swapping in Operating System
Contiguous Allocation in Operating System
Segmentation in Operating System
Paging in Operating System
Virtual Memory using Segmentation in Operating System
Interprocess Communication Protocol in Operating System
Network Operating System
Design Issues in Distributed File System
Network Structure in Operating System
Structure of a Distributed System
File System and Coordination in Operating System
History of Linux in Operating System
Linux Commands
Programmer Interface & File Manipulation in Linux
Process Control in Linux
Kernel & Signals in Linux
File System in Linux
Blocks and Inodes in Linux
System Editors in Linux
Character Transliteration in Linux
The `ed` Line Editor in Linux
The `vi` Editor and Its Commands
Shell Scripting in Linux
Looping & Decision Making in Linux Shell Scripting
Variables & File Name Expansion in Linux
Arrays in Linux Shell Scripting
Subprograms (Functions) in Linux Shell Scripting
C Interface with Linux
Simple Shell Programs in Linux
BCA Part-1 | Operating Systems | Semester-I | MDSU Exam Paper 2023 (Held in 2024)
What is an Operating System (OS)
Operating System (OS) All Important Questions and Answers in English (MDSU)
BCA || Operating System 2025 Paper || MDSU Exam Paper
BCA | OS(Operating System) 2023 Paper | MDSU Exam Paper
Types of Operating Systems
Goals of an Operating System
Operations of an Operating System
Resource Allocation & Functions in an Operating System
Classes of Operating System
Batch Processing in Operating System
Multiprocessing in Operating System