Queues in Data Structures

A Queue is an important data structure based on the FIFO (First In, First Out) principle. This means that the element that is inserted first into the queue is the first one to be removed. It can be understood as a real-life queue, like a line of people at a shop where the person who stands in line first gets served first.

1. Simple Queue: A basic data structure where elements are inserted from the rear and removed from the front.

2. Circular Queue: The two ends of the queue are connected, meaning after the rear reaches the end, it can come back to the initial position. This manages memory efficiently.

3. Priority Queue: A special type of queue where each element has a priority associated with it. Elements are processed based on their priority, not FIFO.

4. Double-Ended Queue (Deque): A queue in which elements can be added and removed from both ends.

Follows FIFO sequence, disciplined distribution of resources, management of multiple tasks at the same time, useful in data streaming and real-time applications, and efficient management of data flow.

Inefficient search, fixed-size limitation (in simple queues), inefficient memory utilization (in simple queues), obligation to remove in sequence, and lack of specific priorities (in simple queues).