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Economy of Rajasthan (Agriculture, Industry, Infrastructure) - (RAS (RPSC))

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Chapter Summary

Rajasthan is the largest state in India by area (3,42,239 sq km) and is often called the "Museum of Minerals". The economy is agrarian but rapidly industrializing. According to the 2011 Census, the literacy rate improved to 67.06%.

Agriculture

Major Crops: Bajra, Jowar, Maize, Oilseeds, and Spices.
Leadership: Rajasthan ranks first in the production of Bajra and Mustard (Sarson) in India.
Green Rajasthan: A campaign launched in 2009 for massive tree plantation to combat climate change.

Industries

Industry	Key Facts
Cement	First factory established at Lakheri (Bundi) in 1915. White cement factories are at Gotan and Kharia Khangar.
Cotton Textile	Oldest industry. First mill: The Krishna Mills Ltd., Beawar (1889).
Sugar	Mewar Sugar Mills (Bhopalsagar): First private mill (1932). Ganganagar Sugar Mills: Public sector. Keshoraipatan: Cooperative sector (Closed).
Salt	Sambhar Lake produces the most salt (Central Govt undertaking). Other centers: Didwana, Pachpadra.
SEZ (Special Economic Zones)	Sitapura (Jaipur): Gems and Jewellery. Jodhpur: Handicrafts and Guar Gum. Mahindra SEZ: Jaipur.

Infrastructure

Roads: "Road Vision 2025" aims to improve road network. NH-8 is the busiest, and NH-15 is the longest highway in the state.
Energy:
- Atomic: Rawatbhata (Chittorgarh).
- Solar: Mathania (Jodhpur).
- Wind: Jaisalmer, Pratapgarh.

Irrigation Projects

Project	River	Details
Indira Gandhi Canal (IGNP)	Satluj-Beas	Originates from Harike Barrage. Known as the "Lifeline of Marwar". Length: 649 km.
Chambal Valley	Chambal	Joint project with MP. 4 Dams: Gandhi Sagar, Rana Pratap Sagar, Jawahar Sagar, Kota Barrage.
Mahi Bajaj Sagar	Mahi	Joint with Gujarat. Beneficiaries: Banswara, Dungarpur (Tribal areas).
Bisalpur	Banas	Located in Tonk. Drinking water for Jaipur, Ajmer, Tonk.
Narmada	Narmada	First project to make sprinkler irrigation mandatory. Benefits Jalore and Barmer.

Welfare Schemes

MNREGA: Started on Feb 2, 2006 (renamed in 2009). Guarantees 100 days of employment. Focuses on "Social Audit" for transparency.
DPIP: District Poverty Alleviation Project funded by World Bank in 7 districts.
Area Development: Dang, Mewat, and Magra area development programs.

Economy of Rajasthan (Agriculture, Industry, Infrastructure)